Turkmenistan

Region
Central & Southern Asia
Prevalence rank
99 of 100 measured
Children 5–17 in child labour10.3%2016 surveyUNICEF reading: 0.3% (MICS 2015-16, UNICEF and ILO calculations), same producer2
Government effort, worst forms of child labour3not assessed
Trafficking-response tier4Tier 2
ILO conventions5C138 ratified 2012 · minimum age 16C182 ratified 2010
Out of school, primary age (a driver)64.3%2024
Modern slavery, all ages7no estimate
Goods produced with child labour8
Cotton · also forced labour

Turkmenistan beside its surveyed neighbours in Central & Southern Asia1

All of Central & Southern Asia
1Kyrgyzstan18% 20232Uzbekistan17.8% 20223Afghanistan13.3% 20234Nepal8.8% 20175Bangladesh7% 20256Kazakhstan6.8% 20247India0.9% 20248Sri Lanka0.8% 20169Turkmenistan0.3% 2016

Sources

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  1. UNICEF / ILO via Our World in Data, Share of children aged 5-17 years engaged in labour, 2026-07-31; accessed 2026-10-15. Each country’s latest national survey. Retrieval route
  2. UNICEF, UNICEF global databases: Child labour (economic activity, children 5-17), UNICEF Data Warehouse extract 2026-07-03; accessed 2026-07-03. Same ILO/UNICEF producer: a coverage and freshness cross-check, shown beside the main series. Retrieval route
  3. US Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB), Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor, 2024, published 2025-09-30; accessed 2026-07-02. Retrieval route
  4. US Department of State, Trafficking in Persons Report, 2026, published 2026-10-08; accessed 2026-10-15. Released 8 October 2026; covers April 2025 to March 2026. Retrieval route
  5. ILO, NORMLEX ratification registers, C138 & C182; accessed 2026-07-02. Retrieval route
  6. UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Out-of-school rate for children of primary school age, 2026-05-12; accessed 2026-07-03. A recognised driver of child labour. Retrieval route
  7. Walk Free, Global Slavery Index 2023 — estimated prevalence of modern slavery by country (Table 26), 2023, published 2023-05-24; accessed 2026-07-03. All ages, adults and children. Retrieval route
  8. US Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB), List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor (TVPRA List), 2024, published 2024-09-05; accessed 2026-07-02. Forced-labour-only listings are shown apart. Retrieval route